Eradication of inhuman practice of manual scavenging and comprehensive Rehabilitation of manual scavenging.

contact person Rajendra Kumar
Email Id rajendrakumar.kumar36@gmail.com swabhiman.community@gamil.com
Country INDIA. city KOTA .
Phone number 8559975763
Organization name swabhiman
Yes contact I to relieve updated about the Global Engagement network q community of innovation.
Yes I agree to all ruled and legal conditions associated with this challenge.
Yes I am 49years older
Our organization purpose is community based
Status of Women and Girl Child: The status of the women is the worst. They become vulnerable for being women, for being a Dalit, and for being a manual scavenger. Surveys have revealed that 93 96% of the manual scavengers in the country are women. They bear the dual burden of taking care of their families as well as working as manual scavengers. They are subjugated, oppressed, marginalized and victimized in both social and household spheres of life. The girl child faces discrimination at all levels and is usually compelled
to take up the occupation once married. So, our organization focuses on women and girls with education program.
Title of our idea
Eradication of inhuman practice of manual scavenging and comprehensive Rehabilitation of manual scavenging.
2 Briefly summarized your idea and problem(S) facing poor or vulnerable community that you aim to solve.
A summary of social activism and public policy measures
Against manual scavenging
Definitions of manual scavenging

1. “The manual removal of human excreta using brooms, small tin plates, and baskets carried
   On the head. The allocation of labour on the basis of caste is one of the fundamental tenets of the Hindu caste system. Within this system dalits have been assigned tasks and occupations which are deemed ritually polluting by other caste communities - such as sweeping, disposal of dead animals and leatherwork. By reason of their birth, dalits are considered to be "polluted", and the removal of human and waste by members of the "sweeper" community is allocated to them and strictly enforced…”

'Dry latrines' means a latrine other than a water-seal latrine.”

I, Preliminary, Definitions
4. “This 'job' is for Dalits, mainly women and young girls. The 'tools' used are brooms, small tin plates and baskets, and true to the perverted logic of caste, the manual scavenger, the person who does the cleaning and carrying of other people's refuse, becomes the 'polluter', someone to be kept at bay, at the margins of society and unworthy of dignity and respect.”

Manual Scavenging the issue is not employment; but slavery

Why we consider it slavery?

Handling human excreta is not voluntary employment, but a form of slavery sanctioned and imposed through
an exploitative and inhuman caste system. The following are some other reasons why we consider manual what scavenging a form of slavery.
1. It is a compulsion: Whereas most of the civilized world has accepted the ideal that a citizen's caste or creed must not come in the way of exercising his choice of occupation, Indian society still tolerates manual scavenging that has always been expected to be taken up only by certain communities, That makes it a socially sanctioned and imposed custom in which caste one is born into decides whether he or she will be a beneficiary or a victim. The members of the communities that have been held captive by this tradition face overwhelming social sanctions and even violence when they revolt against this injustice. .
2. It is hereditary: Dr. Baba Sahib Ambedkar had said, “Our society is like a multistoried pyramid and there are no stairs or doors for entering into these storeys. One has to die in the storey in which one is born.”The members of a particular community would continue to engage in occupations of their ancestors a far cry from any modern notion of decent employment.
3. It is an indefensible custom: Manual scavenging is a caste-based custom perpetuated by an extremely unequal society. Customs are social constructs that are handed down from one generation to its succeeding generation. They often survive the societal change even after their rationale and moral basis becomes insupportable. Since modern Indian nation has been predicated on the rejection of the caste system in so far as it perpetuates oppression and injustice, manual scavenging has become an impediment to social justice and progress.
4. It is based on caste-based division of labour: Caste-based division of labour, which would have the Balmiki and Haila communities perform manual scavenging, is an insult to the universally accepted values that inform the conception of modern societies and economies. The 'preordained' and 'watertight' nature of this division of labour perpetuates grave injustice to certain communities and prevents them from breaking free of their miserable state.

Manual Scavenging Related to caste system based on inequality and injustice

Even after 62 years of independence which saw India establishing democratic institutions, taking great strides in economic development and aspiring to be a global power, the country still struggles in the clutches of the caste system which has denied generations of Dalit people their rights and human dignity.
Caste system continues to inform India's social order. There are various interpretations of the origin of caste system in India. The word 'caste' comes from the Portuguese word 'casta' (breed or race). Sanskrit word, 'varna', which is invariably used in relation to the caste system, means several things but is often interpreted to signify colour. In a verse from Mahabharata, the first millennium epic, Bhrigu, the sage, explains: "The Brahmins are fair, the Kshatriyas are reddish, the Vaishyas yellow and the Shudras are black." The religious theory says that people were born out of the single creator, the Purusha. According the Rig Veda, the ancient Hindu book, the primal man - Purusha - destroyed himself to create a human society. The different varnas were created from different parts of his body. The Brahmans were created from his head; the Kshatriyas from his hands; the Vaishyas from his thighs and the Shudras from his feet. The Varna hierarchy is determined by
the descending order of the different organs from which the Varnas were created. The Varna hierarchy endshere. Below these Varnas are the outcasts who are untouchable to the four castes. These untouchables were assigned 'unclean' jobs like cleaning.
The caste system went through various modifications, reforms, adjustments and challenges from within and from other religious-cultural as well as political influences. The advent of Buddhism and Jainism, the rise of Islam and spread of Christianity made dents into the varna system to some extent. Many people came out of the all-pervasive fold of the varna system, sometimes referred to as Sanatan Dharma. Despite the reforming influences, the varna system has remained largely intact in its organization. Racial discrimination and religious sanction have given the caste system the following three characteristics.

A summary of social activism and public policy measures
against manual scavenging
Prominent people voicing their concern and/or taking action

1. Mahatma Gandhi raised the issue of the horrible working and social conditions of manual
scavengers more than 100 years ago, in 1901, at the Congress meeting in Bengal.
2. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Thanthai Periyar raised their voices against this inhuman practice.
th 3. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia wondered on 5 July 1967 in a Lok Sabha debate: “Has the government kept in mind the point that the wages of the scavengers be (so) fixed that caste feelings may end and..that the people belonging to high castes may come forward to do this work?”
3 what reason, country, or city does this idea focus on
In the India. Rajasthan state
The inhuman practice of manual scavenging was banned in the country 17 years back in
1993 through passing legislation in this regard by the Parliament of India. Prior to 1993
also there have been attempts to put an end to this practice. In 1901 Mahatma Gandhi
Raised issues related to the work and social conditions of those involved in this practice.
Dr. B R Ambedkar also raised his voice against this practice. Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya also
raised this issue in the Parliament in 1968. Many committees have been formed since 1947
and the Planning Commission of India also formulated many programmes in its five year
plans to put an end to this practice. The Government of India has operationalised multi
Crore rehabilitation schemes like National Scheme for Liberation and Rehabilitation of
Scavengers since 1992 and Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual
Scavengers since 2007 along with deciding time lines for putting an end to this practice
several times after independence.
However, inspite of all these efforts Lakhs of Dalits and Dalit Muslims, most of whom are
women, are forced to continue in this inhuman practice. Today this practice continues from
Kashmir to Kanyakumari, from sick states to progressive states and even in states like Uttar
Pradesh, which has a government representing Dalits, and West Bengal, considered to be a
government representing labour class.
Those involved in manual scavenging not only suffer from the inhuman pain of scavenging
human faeces but also go through the unbearable pain and humiliation of discrimination,
untouchability and social exclusion. Very less percentage of children of these communities
are in schools because they do not 'drop out' but are 'pushed out' from there.
The continuation of the inhuman practice of manual scavenging is a profanity not only on
those involved in this practice but on the country and putting an end to it is the
responsibility of the country as a whole. This document therefore is prepared based on the
issues and recommendations that emerged out of the National Consultation on Manual
Scavenging organised by Rashtriya Garima Abhiyan and Maila Mukti Gathbandhan on 21st
December 2010 in Delhi the participants of which included hundred of women involved and
liberated from this practice, social workers, Planning Commission of India, National
Advisory Council, representatives from Rashtriya Safai Karamchari Ayog and elected
Representatives.
We hope that if the Government, Voluntary Organizations and Commissions and Political
Parties work together on these recommendations we will be able to put an end to this
Inhuman practice and ensure justice for the affected families. My work is in Rajasthan state in India as the survey of state government up to 1st April 2007 in the Rajasthan manual scavengers was 5776 and rehabilitate 14169. But we will be fresh survey in our strategic plan.
4- Tell us how idea will address the problem(s) facing poor or vulnerable workers in the informal economy that you have to target.

1- Survey of manual scavenger’s women and girls.
In the first step it is very important that the how many number women and girls are involved in manual scavenging work. 57736 manual scavengers are found, up to 1st April 2007 in the Rajasthan. And14169 number manual scavengers rehabilitate and 43567 are in the working condition. so we found out these manual scavengers women and girls. And found issues of maser reason of working and get status of their living.
There surveys of government have been serious mistakes and errors in the surveys that seek to identify and rehabilitate the Victims. The most glaring distortion of the reality is that more men have been shown to be the victims of manual scavenging than women. The surveys also leave out a large number of deserving people from the list of potential beneficiaries while including people who and their families have no longer anything to do with manual scavenging. The surveys have also been biased in favor of urban areas, leaving out large swaths of the rural population.
2- Intervention in manual scavenger’s colony and keep meetings and find out the issues.
We would make intervention in the manual scavengers’ colony (in the India it’s had kachibasti) and keep introduced and get introduce all of them and get confidence him with us and then we make meeting with them and find out issues. Although central government already have it but real position by the survivors real position would come and we make strategy for action plan.
Related to the emancipation of manual scavengersThe government should introduce a bill to amend to the Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (prohibition) Act, 1993, to provide for action against the district collector and the chief secretary of a state that has been found to harbour the practice of manual scavenging. The bill should also provide for imprisonment and financial penalties against the officials of the urban local bodies, panchayats and government offices responsible for continued existence of dry latrines either in their own premises or within their jurisdictions. The amendment should increase the duration of imprisonment and the amount of fines for the owners of dry latrines.
Related to Rehabilitation Program and Policies
The government should resolve to completely eliminate manual scavenging by the end of the 11 Plan,which means by the year 2012 no Indian should be engaged in manual scavenging. However, government programmes to rehabilitate and ameliorate the conditions of families that have borne the brunt of this inhuman tradition must continue over the next two Plans, i.e. until 2022. The work on a comprehensive policy for the next two Plans must begin as soon as possible..
Related to Survey
A fresh nationwide survey should be conducted in the 2011 to identify the people who are to be liberated from manual scavenging and rehabilitated. The list of such people must be published in the main newspapers of the district concerned and posted on government websites. Lists of the victims in rural areas should be verified by the Gram Sabah’s and displayed prominently in public places. it was by Indian government.

Related to health
Concomitant with the issue of manual scavenging, there is a view that “Right to Health” must be included in the Fundamental Rights of Indian citizens, without any discrimination. The workers are affected by cardiovascular degeneration, infections like hepatitis and leptospirosis, skin problems, prevalence of helicobacter, respiratory system problems and altered pulmonary function parameters. They may also be prone to psychological disorder. They are exposed to infections by hand-to-mouth contact. The manual scavengers are also highly affected by gastric cancer. Pre-placement treatment and periodic treatment for manual scavengers along with an insurance protection are some plausible solutions to the problem at hand. Health problems faced by the manual scavengers are sometimes mistakenly identified to be because of their lack of awareness. Sanitary workers are unwilling to wear gloves as these gloves are either not meant for heavy work, or that these gloves are difficult to work with. But government still retains a Euro-Centric approach towards solving these problems. To a large extent, this problem can be attributed to the bureaucracy. The machines manufactured in Europe were not effective for the sewer lines in India
Related to discrimination and untouchability

Social discrimination and exclusion are the major weapons in the hands of non-dalits to prevent Dalits from having an identity of their own, leading a life of dignity and having ownership of economic resources and opportunities. This perpetuates their servility and powerlessness. Thus, untouchability, which has been banned by our Constitution, continues to influence our social and economic organization in various more or less conspicuous forms. Various studies on untouchability show that there are over 60 different forms of untouchability practised in India though some states have recorded over 100 forms. Such discrimination has
been declared by the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to fall within the scope of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1965.
These studies also show the continuing practice of manual scavenging in the country.

3- Intervention in primary schools and founded manual scavengers Childs status.
it is for survey of the real position of education status in the manual scavengers community it has come in report that this community education status is very low .in primary education rate is 80 % and middle school education 50% and secondary education is 40% only but in the girls of this community is very low 60% girls drop out from primary school and join the manual scavenging work with their mother or she keeping baby child in their house. So the real position find out and then meeting with child and teenage girls which drop out from schools and find out the issues of discrimination, untouchability.
It is to come in reporting that the untouchability and discrimination is main reason of dropout of schools, it is not drop out but push out from dominate cast to manual scavenging workers.
4- Find out about other livelihood sources.
In the meetings we can try to find out about other lively hood sources and other skills which about community have trend and we could developed.
5- Find out about knowledge of fundamental rights and duties
In the community meetings we found about their knowledge skills of fundamentals rights and duties. Because it is this community’s powerlessness and we increase increase by our programmer.
5-Describe the specific population your idea is designed to support
The population of manual scavengers: various estimates

1. Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers 2007: The total number of manual scavengers and their dependents across the country was 7,70,338, according to the survey reports received from the states. Out of that number, 4,27,870 people had already received assistance under National Scheme for Liberation and Rehabilitation of Scavengers 1992 (NSLRS) and 3,42,468 were yet to be rehabilitated. The state-wise details are given in appendix-I.


2. National Commission for Safai Karamcharis, 2005: According to the 1991 Census, people belonging to the Scheduled Castes numbered 13.82 crores, making up 16.5% of India's population. The manual scavengers were estimated to be around 6.76 lakhs. Even after 58 years of Independence, this social group continue to handle human excreta and their socio-economic conditions remain far below the satisfactory level. This is undoubtedly a blot on our country. The number of dry latrines in the country is estimated to be around 54 lakhs in urban areas and 24 lakhs in rural areas.


3. National Scheme for Liberation and Rehabilitation of Scavengers 1992: The central government identified 7,97,112 people to be emancipated from the tradition of manual scavenging and rehabilitated.


4. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, January 18, 2010: Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers' (SRMS) was introduced in January 2007 with the objective of rehabilitating remaining manual scavengers and their dependents in a time bound manner. Under the scheme, identified beneficiaries are provided loan at subsidized rate of interest and credit-linked
   capital subsidy for self employment projects. By the end of year 2009, a total of 69,137 persons had
   been provided loans for taking up alternative occupations and about 13700 intended beneficiaries were yet to be covered by the scheme, according to the states' progress reports. Efforts were being made to cover by March 31, 2010, the people who were yet to be benefited.



5. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment:
   5.88 lakhs manual scavengers in 1992.
   7.87 lakhs manual scavengers in 2002.
   6.76 lakhs manual scavengers in 2002-03.
   As the 1st April 2007 the population of the manual scavengers was 5776, we found actual number of manual scavengers by our own survey.

   
   
   

   6 what make your idea an innovation approach to solving this problems
   Programmes for awareness

1 –Awareness for education.
Status of Women and Girl Child: The status of the women is the worst. They become vulnerable for being women, for being a Dalit, and for being a manual scavenger. Surveys have revealed that 93 96% of the manual scavengers in the country are women. They bear the dual burden of taking care of their families as well as working as manual scavengers. They are subjugated, oppressed, marginalized and victimized in both social and household spheres of life. The girl child faces discrimination at all levels and is usually compelled to take up the occupation once married so. education is very important. we make campaign for education and keep alternative education programme as evening school or education resource centre.

2 – Awareness for rehabilitation schemes and programs
1-In the 1991, the prime minister promised to ban manual scavenging and allocated Rs 800 crores for rehabilitation of the manual scavenger’s community.
2-The central government launched on 1st April 2007 self Employment scheme for rehabilitation on manual scavengers as a national priority. The objective of the schema was to assist 3,42,468 member of manual scavengers who were yet to be rehabilitated, in a time bound manner by march 2009. This number comes from the data available with the social ministry of social justice & empowerment.
3-the central government launched national scheme for liberation and rehabilitation of scavengers on 22th march 1992.the objective this scheme was to liberate the scavengers and their dependents from the cast based and oppressive tradition of manual scavenging .
3 Awareness for commission and corporation.
1- The government set up national commission for safai karamcharis on 12 august 1994 for period of 3 years under the national commission for safai karamcharis act,1993 to promote and safeguard the interests and rights of safai karamcharis.the commission was empowered to invesrtigation grievances well as matters relating to implementation of programmes and schemes for the welfare of Safai Karamcharis. The commission was required to be consulted on all major policy matters affecting the Safai Karamcharis. well as matters relating to implementation of programmes and schemes for the welfare of Safai Karamcharis. The commission was required to be consulted on all major policy matters affecting the Safai Karamcharis.

4- Awareness for action taken by national human rights commission and united nationas commission on human rights.
1-On 23 October 1996, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) sent letters to various authorities to make the case for elimination of manual scavenging.
2- On 24 January 1997, the NHRC wrote to chief ministers to underline the need to adopt and seriously enforce the Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993 in their jurisdictions.
.3- On February 2006, the NHRC tells the representatives of the state governments to stop manual scavenging within six months
4.- At a 'review meeting on eradication of manual scavenging' on 18 March 2007), the NHRC called on all the states that had not yet adopted the Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993, to do so at the earliest. The NHRC also called for better coordination between various governmental and non-governmental agencies working to end manual scavenging and exchange of good practices between states. The commission makes several other recommendations to sate and central governments for identification, liberation and rehabilitation of manual scavengers.
5- Awareness for planning commission and ministry.
1-The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has claimed to have been acting on the directions given by the Prime Minister on 16 May 2005 regarding thrust areas..
2.- The Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation is organizing a one-day State Welfare
Ministers' Conference on Manual Scavenging at New Delhi on 22nd June2005. Around 300 delegates representing various state governments, central government, NGOs will be participating in this meeting. Minister of State I/C for Urban Employment & Poverty Alleviation, minister will preside over this function which will be addressed by the Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment..
3. -The Planning Commission developed in 2004 a national action plan for total eradication of manual scavenging by 2007.
6- Awareness for government law and regulations
As is amply evident, lakhs of people majority of them women -- across the country continue to be held captive by the inhuman and degrading tradition of manual scavenging. It is because of this caste-based tradition that they remain deprived of their constitutional and statutory rights to equality, liberty, education and social development. Manual scavenging is virtually a form of modern-day slavery that violates the following.
1. The Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993.The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.
2. Bonded Labor System (abolition) Act, 1976.
3. Section 7(a) of the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1995, which deems anyone forcing another person to engage in bonded labor, manual scavenging or disposing animal carcasses to be committing a criminal offense punishable with 3 to 6 months of imprisonment and fine up to Rs 500.
4. The practice of manual scavenging violates articles 14, 17, 21 and 23 of the Constitution.
5. Various provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which hold all human beings to be equal and to which India is a signatory..
7- Awareness for government schemes of training and
Skill development programs for rehabilitation.
The government should resolve to completely eliminate manual scavenging by the end of the 11 Plan, which means by the year 2012 no Indian should be engaged in manual scavenging. However, government programmes to rehabilitate and ameliorate the conditions of families that have borne the brunt of this inhuman tradition must continue over the next two Plans, i.e. until 2022. The work on a comprehensive policy for the next two Plans must begin as soon as possible.

7-what are the barriers to solving these problems? How will your innovation address these barriers?
OUR PLANE
Manual Scavenging Related to caste system based on inequality and injustice
Even after 62 years of independence which saw India establishing democratic institutions, taking great strides in economic development and aspiring to be a global power, the country still struggles in the clutches of the caste system which has denied generations of Dalit people their rights and human dignity.
Caste system continues to inform India's social order. There are various interpretations of the origin of caste system in India. The word 'caste' comes from the Portuguese word 'casta' (breed or race). Sanskrit word,'varna', which is invariably used in relation to the caste system, means several things but is often interpreted to signify colour. In a verse from Mahabharata, the first millennium epic, Bhrigu, the sage, explains: "The Brahmins are fair, the Kshatriyas are reddish, the Vaishyas yellow and the Shudras are black." The religious theory says that people were born out of the single creator, the Purusha. According the Rig Veda, the ancient Hindu book, the primal man - Purusha - destroyed himself to create a human society. The different varnas were created from different parts of his body. The Brahmans were created from his head; the Kshatriyas from his hands; the Vaishyas from his thighs and the Shudras from his feet. The Varna hierarchy is determined by the descending order of the different organs from which the Varnas were created. The Varna hierarchy ends here. Below these Varnas are the outcasts who are untouchable to the four castes. These untouchables were assigned 'unclean' jobs like cleaning.

The word 'varna' thus conveys the religious conception of the caste system. Social groupings subsumed under each varna had certain rights and duties. They were also allowed certain occupations and disallowed others.The top three varnas had social and economic rights that the shudra and the untouchables did not have. Each Varna as well as the untouchables were divided into many communities. These communities came to be known as 'jaat' or 'jaati.' The shudra is the largest varna in terms of the number of communities. Jaati has thus informed the choice of occupations for generations of people born into India's caste system. Members of each jaati usually marry only within their jaati. People are born into their jaati which cannot be changed.

Some historians are of the view that the caste system began with the arrival of the Aryans in India around 1500 BC. The Aryans organized themselves into three social groups. The first group was of the warriors and came to be known as Kshatriya. The second group was of the priests, or Brahmans. The third group was of the farmers and craftsmen and they were called Vaishya. The Aryans conquered parts of north India and subdued the local population. In this process the Vaishyas who were the farmers and the craftsmen became the landlords and the businessmen of the society and the locals became the peasants and the craftsmen. Most of the communities that were in India before the arrival of the Aryans were integrated in the Shudra varna or were made outcast depending on their occupations. Communities engaged in 'non-polluting' jobs were subsumed into the Shudra varna and those who did 'polluting' work were made outcasts, the untouchables. The untouchables had almost no rights in the society.

1-WERSON LIFE.
We know that other all occupation given the money and prosperous life, but manual scavengers getting worsen life. Every were they forbear psychiate torture.( as per prejudice of hierarch “you have born for only for this work by your past life’s works. )so community think that it’s true .but isn’t
2- Ignoble society.
Manual scavengers getting debilitation, and live with discrimination there not for anybody to advocacy to them .all the problems and there requirement are ignore by high society. Society knows the cleaning works is the very important work hence propensity of the all for its work is for tolerance of value and problems of the worker. So. Manual scavenger society became ignoble society
3- Wretchedly family.
Mostly seemed that the family of them live in wretchedly life because when society ignore Manvel scavenger’s problems and needs, there income is very low they are not able to take good food, good cloths and not able to given education to their Childs and no able to make good environment towards to them. This economic dissimilarity creates social oddities and then oddities life .so manual scavengers make only wretchedly
4-Ignominious behavior from high class community.
Always manual scavengers demand any problems which are mostly for payment because they are not getting a sufficient payment for this work. They gets Rs 20 per month and rote and no get any other from this work so they demands for increase their income but higher society ignore their demands and unfairly behave also . Continue proposal text here.

5-Ignorantation from government.
It’s we know very well that government not given intention to eradication of this nations bolt . Whole thing is that the systems, administration,and social structures failed it removing from humanistic because, human be in selfish life perhaps not having time to think about it. so manual scavenging problems has not been national issue ( some papules make the efforts for it ) so it not came in national agendas. Secondly manual scavengers community is not effected to vote bank for any political party. The manual scavengers community population is only 10 to 1.2million in India so its thinkable to politician that vote are not effectible in any possibility to loss or profit so they ignore to this communities and then ignorantation from the government . I have some experience which i will explain with my presentation about the ignorantation of the government.

Castbaset discrimination & untouchability.
Those involved in manual scavenging not only suffer from the inhuman pain of scavenging human faces but also go through the unbearable pain humiliation of discrimination, untouchability and social exclusion. Very less percentage of children of this community are in school because they do not drop out but pushed out from the schools.

8 List the first 3 steps you’ll take to further develop or implement this idea.

Central intention of my idea

1- Success story of women who left manual scavenging work
Last time 29 march 2012left the manual scavenging work and put up the problems and failure stories of government front of hearing judge in national public hearing my role model husna bai from Jhalawar Rajasthan comment with hearing authorities about her story and she left the Manual scavenging work. Now husna bai a role model to other women .I follow up these type women and face in meetings of these women which involved in manual Scavenging work. This is our role model for awareness to eradication of manual scavenging work. the women who left the manual scavenging work it is very difficult step because all the community force to working this work it can be had family member also and demented cast member is fiercely want to keeping this work has don by women of girl whom who doing regularly in their house . so it is very difficulty to left this work it is a story of a women who left the work in mahya Pradesh village dhariya khedi and women’s name lalibai he left the work of manual scavenging . after the left away this work village dominate cast men come at the house of lalibai and forced to working manual scavenging work which he worked from 25 years, and and alert to lalibai that there house will be burn and all the family will be come in difficulty if she not worked . but after this aeration lalibai take action he reported in nearest police station but police had not keep supported his house all the material of house hold burned by demented person and beetling with his husband he gone to unconscious and run from their house to be live to all family. But lali bai not get frustration he try to get help from highest officer of police for protect his family. And after the report I the office high office of police surintendent of district mandsaaur lali bai get police protection and she bake his home with family and she left the manual scavenging work and now she is a role model to all community of manual scavenger. So we presented this story in the meetings of manual scavenger women and girls and explain all the factors of this story to left manual scavenging work.
2-High profile person of this community.
The high profile person who left this work, their successes story will be my role model for eradication of this work. A normal person who get success and become a high profile person this story will give empowering to left manual scavenging work I had a story of a normal person whom who was worked manual scavenging work and he was no had high education also he join pears deposit company (which are given good survival benefits to depositors ) and working with hardly with plan and intention after the four years hard working he get assistance manager post in this company this is for amazingly think that a secondary pass person can get assistance manager post ? but it is policy of company and hard work of Rajesh dhuliya. Yes the person name is Rajesh dhuliya. It is also empower able story to manual scavenging community it enforced to left this inhuman work and get another dignity full work
3-Education.
it has come in report that this community education status is very low .in primary education rate is 80 % and middle school education 50% and secondary education is 40% only but in the girls of this community is very low 60% girls drop out from primary school and join the manual scavenging work with their mother or she keeping care of baby child in their house. So education programs for there are mostly required which should be rune as the evening schools. It had also that come in repot that the child had not drop out from school but push out from schools. and also come that community has not give the importance to the education so it very important that aware to communality about education and aware to sent to girls to schools is very importance. We all know that education is a weapon to give all the success in life but in this community education is not in the life mandate so we aware for education as the keep community meetings and girls meet and boys meeting also. A major issue In the education is that the schools time is their working time so who complete to child to go schools. It issue is solved by the girls aware and women also because women is know women of their life problems and don’t solved without the education if mother is educated then child surly educated but community mother is not educated so all the problems has as not solved. So we take step to aware to education
4-Awareness programs
It has come to knowledge that the education is very low the teenage girls engaged in manual scavenging work with their parents and drop out from schools. And up to 18 year their parents has been married him, so the girls do not know about any other work and hazarded of this work. So the awareness is most programs.

Awareness about discrimination, exclusion and powerlessness.
Social discrimination and exclusion are the major weapons in the hands of non-dalits to prevent Dalits from having an identity of their own, leading a life of dignity and having ownership of economic resources and opportunities. This perpetuates their servility and powerlessness. Thus, untouchability, which has been banned by our Constitution, continues to influence our social and economic organization in various more or less conspicuous forms. Various studies on untouchability show that there are over 60 different forms of untouchability practised in India though some states have recorded over 100 forms. Such discrimination has been declared by the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to fall within the scope of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1965.

9 -Identify the key stakeholders whose involvement will ensure success.

Our stakeholders as bellow listed which involved in eradiation of manual scavenger working
1-Education department.
For the eradication of manual scavenging work it is very necessary education graph go to increase for it education departmental supporting is very important so we will make plane join to education department officer DEO, director of education and primary schools to improve education in this community.
We also meeting with community for this issue and aware for it make sure that improve the admission of new child and child girls and readmission of dropout girls .
2-Intervention of schools.
For the improvement of number of children in schools of this community it yery necessary schools administration be aware for this community and keep attention at the children so talk with schools master about this community’s issues and problems ans sensitize to masters about this community.
4- Anganbadi
Anganbadi yojana is for 3to 6 years old child for keep care and join with education and for nutrition food also it is come with national child and mother welfare and development department it also our stakeholder child development program for child education and mother development programs for pregnentwomen . it is pre natal post natal and meanwhile pregnancy also. So this stakeholder is for health of women and youth girls.
5- Planning Commission and Ministries
The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has claimed to have been acting on the directions given by the Prime Minister on 16 May 2005 regarding thrust areas. So ministry of social justice and empowerment our stakeholder. we will get information and give imfomition for the eradication of manual scavenging work . The Planning Commission developed in 2004 a national action plan for total eradication of manual Scavenging by 2007. So this also our listed
6 -The Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty
The Ministry of Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation is organizing a one-day State Welfare Ministers' Conference on Manual Scavenging at New Delhi on 22nd June2005. Around 300 delegates representing various state governments, central government, NGOs will be participating in this meeting. Minister of State I/C for Urban Employment & Poverty Alleviation, minister will preside over this function which will be addressed by the Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment.
7- safai Karamchari finance & development coporation
. The government set up National Safai Karamcharis Finance & Development Corporation (NSKFDC) on 24
January 1997 as a not-for-profit company. NSKFDC was fully owned by the central government and had an authorized share capital of Rs. 200 crores. The objective of NSKFDC was to promote socio-economic upliftment of scavengers and their dependents by way of providing financial assistance at concessional rate of interest for income generating activities and loans to students for pursuing professional and technical education. The corporation was also to provide technical and professional training, quality control, technology upgradation and common facility centers for carrying out sanitation works.
8- Hierarchies and dominate casts members.
We know that The Even after 62 years of independence which saw India establishing democratic institutions, taking great strides in economic development and aspiring to be a global power, the country still struggles in the clutches of the caste system which has denied generations of Dalit people their rights and human dignity. There are various interpretations of the origin of caste system in India. The word 'caste' comes from the Portuguese word 'casta' (breed or race). Sanskrit word, 'varna', which is invariably used. The Brahmins are fair, the Kshatriyas are reddish, the Vaishyas yellow and the Shudras are black." The religious theory says that people were born out of the single creator, the Purusha. According the Rig Veda, the ancient Hindu book, the primal man - Purusha - destroyed himself to create a human society. The different varnas were created from different parts of his body. The Brahmans were created from his head; the Kshatriyas from his hands; the Vaishyas from his thighs and the Shudras from his feet. The Varna hierarchy is determined by the descending order of the different organs from which the Varnas were created. The Varna hierarchy ends here. Below these Varnas are the outcasts who are untouchable to the four castes. These untouchables were assigned 'unclean' jobs like cleaning. The word 'varna' thus conveys the religious conception of the caste system. Social groupings subsumed under each varna had certain rights and duties. They were also allowed certain occupations and disallowed others. The top three varnas had social and economic rights that the shudra and the untouchables did not have.. These communities came to be known as 'jaat' or 'jaati.' The shudra is the largest varna in terms of the number of communities. Jaati has thus informed the choice of occupations for generations of people born into India's caste system. Members of each jaati usually marry only within their jaati. People are born into their jaati which cannot be changed. Some historians are of the view that the caste system began with the arrival of the Aryans in India around 1500 BC. The Aryans organized themselves into three social groups. The first group was of the warriors and came to be known as Kshatriya. The second group was of the priests, or Brahmans. The third group was of the farmers and craftsmen and they were called Vaishya. The Aryans conquered parts of north India and subdued the local population. In this process the Vaishyas who were the farmers and the craftsmen became the landlords and the businessmen of the society and the locals became the peasants and the craftsmen. Most of the communities that were in India before the arrival of the Aryans were integrated in the Shudra varna or were made outcast depending on their occupations. In this cast system the dominate person and hierarchies is very important so our these person is stakeholder we make meeting with the dominated and hierarchies persons and sensitized for humanity and motivate for as modern society and keep ready to demolish constructed dry latrines because if the dry latrines will not having manual scave